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10th Edition of World Nanotechnology Conference

March 10-12, 2025

March 10 -12, 2025 | Rome, Italy
World Nano 2022

Potential of siRNA-bearing nanoparticles in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in the model animals

Mohammad Owais, Speaker at Nanoscience Conferences
Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India
Title : Potential of siRNA-bearing nanoparticles in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in the model animals

Abstract:

Therapeutics based on small interfering RNA (siRNA) have demonstrated tremendous potential for treating cancer. However, non-specific targeting, premature degradation, and intrinsic toxicity of the siRNAs have to be solved before applying them in translational medicines. To address these challenges, nanotechnology-based tools might help shield siRNA and ensure its specific delivery to the target site. Besides playing a crucial role in prostaglandin synthesis, the cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme has been reported to mediate carcinogenesis in various types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Similarly, another regulatory enzyme polo like kinase-1 (Plk-1) has been found to be crucial for cancer cells to propagate and survive in the patients. We encapsulated COX-2 specific siRNA in Bacillus subtilis membrane lipid-based liposomes (subtilosomes) and evaluated their potential in the treatment of di-ethyl nitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepato-carcinoma. We also developed Plk-1 specific siRNA-bearing lipid-based nanocarriers. Our findings corroborated that the nanoparticle-based formulation was stable, releasing specific siRNA in a sustained manner. For example, the subtilosome-based formulation was successful in inhibiting TNF-α expression in the experimental animals, while Plk-1 specific siRNA inhibited target enzyme. The apoptosis study indicated that the subtilosomized siRNA inhibits DEN-induced carcinogenesis more effectively than free siRNA. The as-developed formulation also suppressed COX-2 expression, which in turn up-regulated expression of p53 wild-type and Bax on the one hand and downregulated Bcl-2 expression on the other. Histopathological studies also revealed better tumor regression in liver cells with standard cellular architecture. The survival data established increased efficacy of subtilosome-encapsulated COX-2 siRNA against hepatocellular carcinoma.

Biography:

Dr. Owais has successfully developed nano-particle-based novel delivery systems including dendrimers/virosomes for gene packaging and liposomes, niosomes, microspheres and solid core lipid nano-particles for vaccine delivery, targeted gene/drug delivery etc; with a view to increase the efficacy and safety of encapsulated chemo-therapeutic agents/sub-unit vaccines for some important infectious diseases specially those inflicted by intracellular pathogens (Vaccine 2006, Vaccine 2007 and JBC 2015).

Dr. Owais has employed an autologous plasma bead based dual antigen delivery system as a prophylactic strategy against intracellular infections. The liposome/microsphere entrapped antigen further co-entrapped in dual core fibrin beads based vaccine was shown to eliminate intracellular pathogens from systemic circulation. The significant contribution of Dr Owais group is recognized by various academic platforms on the regular basis. He is the first recipient of NBios Award, a coveted recognition bestowed by DBT Govt of India,  in the AMU, Aligarh. 

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