Title : Nanotechnology in the maintenance of artifacts
Abstract:
The famous American physicist Professor Richard Feynman stated that it is possible to change the properties of any substance and maximize its features by rearranging its atoms in a way that comes with obtaining unique properties that are completely different from their original features before restructuring them, and it is known that he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965 Thus, the dawn of a revolution titled by the Japanese scientist Norio Taniguchi in 1974 with the title of nanotechnology.
Nanoscience: It is a science that studies the small sizes of particles and is concerned with the study, characterization and application of nanomaterials. Nanoscience relies on separating particles from each other to benefit from all their qualities, as the characteristics and properties of materials change dramatically while they are in the nanoscale than in normal sizes. The word nano is a word derived from the word dwarf, and it means all materials that are infinitesimally small. Greek Nanos.
Examples of the use of nanotechnology in preserving antiquities include, for example, but not limited to: We find that the ancient Egyptian used nanomaterials in making black inks consisting of nanoscale carbon particles, and it was also found that when nanoparticles of copper are added to silicon polymers, this compound protects stones from microbiological damage. It also has the ability to stop and prevent the growth of microbiological damage as a result of the liberation or release of copper ions to increase the effectiveness of the treatment. Also, when adding these particles to a mixture of tonic materials with pesticides, it gave good results in preventing the formation of biological colonies. This compound also made the stone samples water-repellent. With no changes in the colors of sandstone, marble and plaster.
Nanotechnology is considered a pioneering technology in our world today, as it is considered multi-functional and multi-tasking. In addition to its use in protecting and maintaining antiquities of all kinds, it is also used in exploring environmental hazards, treating pollutants, purifying and desalinating water, as well as in the use of devices, in the field of pharmacy, medical devices, and the field of medicine. Gold granules have been used Nanoparticles in determining the DNA chains of viruses that invade the human body, in addition to that they may be the lethal weapon of cancer cells and kill them locally inside the human body without any side effects.
