Abstract
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Hydrothermal synthesis of Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have become a key technology in nanotechnology, especially for applications requiring accuracy in particle shape, crystallinity, and surface properties. This method uses chemical reactions in an aqueous solution at high pressures and temperatures to produce well-defined nanostructures. The most studied 2D nanomaterials derived from hydrothermal processes are titanium dioxide (TiO?), zinc oxide (ZnO), and iron-based nanoparticles. The incorporation of nanoparticles to lubricants has revolutionized the area and led to the development of advanced lubricants with improved tribological characteristics. These nanoparticles may have their size, shape, and surface functionality carefully regulated during their hydrothermal synthesis to achieve homogenous dispersion within lubricating matrix. Hydrothermal synthesis has the advantage of accurately altering the surface characteristics of these two-dimensional nanomaterials.Improved dispersion stability and efficacy of the nanomaterials in the lubricant can result in decreased wear, decreased friction, and enhanced thermal stability. This can be achieved by optimizing the particle size, shape, and surface fictionalization.
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