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10th Edition of World Nanotechnology Conference

March 10-12, 2025

March 10 -12, 2025 | Rome, Italy
World Nano 2023

Iron containing nanoparticles in ultrafast diagnostics and anti-cancer strategies through modulation of tumor microenvironment and ferroptotic cell death

Dar Bin Shieh, Speaker at Nanomaterials Conference
National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
Title : Iron containing nanoparticles in ultrafast diagnostics and anti-cancer strategies through modulation of tumor microenvironment and ferroptotic cell death

Abstract:

Iron nanoparticles presented superparamagnetic properties and have been widely applied in magnetic force trapping of cells and molecules to accelerate and ease sample preparation. In addition, iron oxide nanoparticles can be designed to convert near infrared (NIR) light to heat thus allowing pyrolysis of samples to obtain genetic materials and to inactivate PCR inhibitors. We utilize such NIR to heat conversion to develop a photothermal qPCR and demonstrated their efficient detection of pathogens in CDI. In addition, Zero valent iron nanoparticles with carboxymethylcellulose shell (ZVI@CMC ) showed prominent anti-cancer activity in various cancer types including oral cancer, colorectal cancer, and non-small cell lung cancers while spare the non-malignant cells. ZVI@CMC induced massive intracellular ROS with accumulation of lipid peroxidation, leading to ferroptotic cell death. Immunoblotting and RT qPCR showed that anti ferroptosis protein, the nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (NRF2) and its targeting antioxidant genes was attenuated by ZVI@CMC and demonstrated that β-TrCP, AMPK, GSK3β, and mTOR were involved in the axis. Moreover, the IC50 dose of ZVI@CMC was able to inhibit angiogenesis and direct macrophages polarization toward antitumor M1 phenotype. Such dose also significantly increased CD8+ T cells and decreased Treg population. Notably, ZVI@CMC inhibited allograft growth of mouse Lewis lung carcinoma and xenograft growth of human lung carcinoma in mice with reconstituted human immune system. In conclusions, this study identified a novel mechanism that ZVI@CMC enhanced inhibition of NRF2 signaling axis leading to ferroptotic cell death in cancer cells while direct tumor microenvironment toward anti-cancer phenotype including modulation of macrophage polarization, reversal of T cells subpopulation, and inhibition of angiogenesis.

Biography:

Dar-Bin Shieh studied Dentistry at the National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan and graduated as DDS in 1988. He then joined the research group of Prof. David Kwiatkowski at the department of experimental medicine at Harvard Medical School and in 1991 after finished his clinical training in Taiwan. He received his PhD degree in 1996 from Harvard School of Dental Medicine and served as a research fellow in Brigham and Women’s Hospital. After two years fellowship, he obtained the position of an Assistant Professor at the National Cheng Kung University and also join appointed as a session chief in the department of stomatology in NCKU Hospital. In 2018, he was recruited serve as the Deputy Minister of Ministry of Science and Technology in Taiwan and retired after 3 years of service. He was appointed as chair professor in National Cheng Kung University in 2021 and has published more than 130 research articles in SCI(E) journals.

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